Key Genetic Factor Behind Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer Is Identified

Scientists at Yale have uncovered a molecular mechanism that causes variants in a specific immune response gene known as MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor). Variants of MIF that cause over-expression of the gene contribute to a range of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, infectious diseases and cancer. Knowing the exact transcription factor, or protein, that regulates the gene could lead to more personalized treatment.

The Yale lab, led by Richard Bucala, MD, PhD, is already studying drugs that target MIF in clinical trials of cancer and autoimmunity. According to Dr. Bucala, having a deeper understanding of the gene’s variants and expression will lead to precision drug targeting based on an individual’s genetic profile. “Knowing what the transcription factor is presents the possibility of a real personalized medicine approach,” he said.